Assessment of Risks Associated with Green Building Practices in Construction Projects in Abuja, Nigeria

Abstract

The construction industry is a major contributor to environmental degradation which is prompting the global shift towards green building practices. Green building practices are practices that integrate sustainable materials, energy-efficient systems, and waste management strategies. Despite their benefits, the adoption of green building practices is hindered by multiple risks that impact project feasibility, cost, and long-term performance. This study assesses the risks associated with green building practices in construction projects in Abuja, Nigeria. A census approach was adopted, targeting 102 construction professionals registered with the Green Building Council of Nigeria. A structured questionnaire, developed from a systematic literature review, was distributed via online platforms which resulted in 95 valid responses. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to identify key risk factors. Findings reveal that the most critical risks in green building projects include potential delays, legal uncertainties, fluctuations in green material prices, and cash flow challenges. Delays, the top-ranked risk, often arise due to the inexperience of contractors and consultants, especially in projects retrofitting existing structures to green standards. Legal and regulatory risks stem from evolving building codes and certification requirements, making compliance uncertain. The high cost and limited availability of sustainable materials further strain project budgets, while cash flow constraints disrupt construction timelines. Furthermore, performance risks, such as energy inefficiencies in certified buildings and moisture-related issues due to inadequate ventilation, highlight operational challenges in green projects. To mitigate these risks, the study recommends adopting proactive risk management strategies, enhancing professional training, and establishing clearer regulatory frameworks. While this research enhances the understanding of green building risks, it is geographically limited to Abuja, Nigeria. Future studies should conduct comparative assessments across regions and explore longitudinal analyses to track the evolution of risks in green construction. These insights are essential for encouraging a wider adoption of sustainable building practices, ensuring their long-term viability in Nigeria’s construction industry.